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ISU PAPUA DI SIDANG DEWAN HAM PBB KE-40
(Jenewa, 13 Maret 2019) Isu Nduga dan buruknya kebebasan berekspresi Papua diangkat sebanyak tiga kali pada Debat Umum Item 4 tertanggal 13 Maret 2019 dan pada side-event tertanggal 7 Maret 2019 yang merupakan rangkaian dari Sidang Dewan Hak Asasi Manusia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa ke-40.
Pada Debat Umum item 4, juru bicara internasional Komite Nasional Papua Barat Victor Yeimo, menyampaikan bahwa orang Papua telah menjadi minoritas di tanah leluhurnya sendiri sejak aneksasi Indonesia pada 1969. “Kekayaan alam kami dicuri dari kami, sehingga kami menjadi yang termiskin dengan harapan hidup terendah di Indonesia, meskipun tanah kami adalah salah satu tanah yang terkaya sumber daya alamnya di dunia,” lanjutnya.
Victor juga menegaskan bahwa tidak ada mekanisme yang bisa menjamin hak masyarakat adat termasuk hak atas penentuan nasib sendiri. “Kami orang Papua tidak boleh berbicara. Ketika kami bicara, aparat keamanan Indonesia menangkap kami. Ketika kami melakukan diskusi publik, mereka bubarkan kami. Ketika kami berkumpul secara damai, mereka bilang kami organisasi ilegal. Ketika kami ingin ibadah, mereka bilang kami makar dan menghancurkan rumah-rumah kami. Kami diisolasi dari jurnalis asing dan pekerja kemanusiaan.”
Victor menutup pernyataannya pada sidang dengan meminta dukungan negara-negara untuk mendorong Indonesia mengundang PBB ke Papua, juga supaya ada penyelesaian persoalan HAM terdahulu sebelum Indonesia mengajukan diri menjadi anggota Dewan HAM PBB. Sebelumnya pada side-event, Victor juga meminta pemerintah Indonesia untuk menghargai dan memenuhi hak atas penentuan nasib sendiri bagi rakyat West Papua.
Selain Victor, pengacara HAM Veronica Koman juga turut hadir di sidang Dewan HAM ke-40 ini. Victor dan Veronica mengangkat isu Nduga. Efek dari operasi gabungan kepolisian dengan militer yang telah menyebabkan setidaknya 25 orang sipil meninggal dunia, serta tidak diakuinya dan ditelantarkannya ribuan pengungsi akibat operasi tersebut menjadi sorotan.
Sebagai bagian dari Perkumpulan Pengacara HAM (PAHAM) Papua dan koalisi pengacara untuk KNPB, Veronica juga mengangkat kasus KNPB Timika pada Debat Umum item 4 tersebut. Tiga orang dijadikan tersangka makar hanya karena hendak menyelenggarakan acara adat ‘bakar batu’ dan ibadah. Adalah hak orang Papua untuk bisa dengan bebas menjalankan budayanya serta mengekspresikan apa yang dipercayainya.
Pada akhir pernyataannya, Veronica meminta negara-negara untuk mendorong Indonesia, “segera menghentikan operasi gabungan di Nduga, memfasilitasi kembalinya ribuan pengungsi ke rumahnya masing-masing, membuka akses untuk investigasi yang independen, serta memberikan penghormatan sepenuhnya terhadap HAM dan martabat orang Papua.”
Atas kesempatan berharga di Dewan HAM PBB ini, Veronica memberikan tanggapan, “kenyataan bahwa KNPB bisa hadir, berdiri, dan berbicara di sidang Dewan HAM hari ini membuktikan bahwa apa yang selama ini diteriakkan KNPB mengenai hak atas penentuan nasib sendiri juga dilindungi oleh hukum internasional. Tidak ada yang ilegal dari menyuarakan hak fundamental tersebut.”
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PRESS STATEMENT
WEST PAPUA ISSUE AT THE 40TH SESSION OF THE UN HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL
(Geneva, 13 March 2019) The issues of Nduga crisis and clampdown on freedom of expression regarding West Papua were raised three times on General Debate Item 4 dated 13 March 2019 and also on a side-event regarding West Papua, which are both held during the 40th regular session of the United Nations Human Rights Council.
On the General Debate Item 4, Victor Yeimo the international spokesperson of West Papua National Committee (KNPB), stated that West Papuan people have become minority in their own ancestral land since Indonesia annexed them in 1969. “Our natural resources are robbed away from us, leaving our people as the poorest and with the lowest life expectancy in Indonesia although our land is the one of the richest in the world in term of natural resources,” he added.
Yeimo also conveyed that there are no effective mechanisms in place to protect the indigenous peoples' resources as well as to ensure their rights to self-determination. “We, indigenous West Papuans cannot speak out. When we do, Indonesian military or police forces arrest us. When we hold public discussion, they disperse us. When we gather peacefully, they say we are illegal organization. When we want to pray, they charge us with treason and destroy our houses. They isolate us from foreign journalists and humanitarians workers.”
Victor ended his statement at the General Debate by requesting support from States to encourage Indonesia to welcome UN staff to visit West Papua. He also urged member States to ensure that domestic human rights situations are addressed before Indonesia applies for a seat at the Council. Earlier during the side-event on West Papua, Victor also asked the Indonesian government to respect and fulfill the right to self-determination of West Papuan people.
Human rights lawyer Veronica Koman also addressed the Human Rights Council. Both Yeimo and Koman raised the issue regarding Nduga crisis. The joint military and police operation has caused the deaths of at least 25 civilians. The fact that the government does not recognize the existence of thousands of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to the operation and that they are left neglected are highlighted.
As lawyer for KNPB, Veronica also raised the case of KNPB Timika during the General Debate. Three West Papuans were arrested and accused of treason while organizing a traditional feast and prayer event at the KNPB office. It is their indelible right to have the freedom to live their own culture and express their own belief.
At the end of her statement, Koman requested the Human Rights Council to urge the Indonesian government, “to end the joint military and police operation, to allow and facilitate the return of thousands of IDPs to their homes, to open access for an independent investigation, and fully respecting the human rights and dignity of West Papuan people.”
For this valued opportunity at the UN Human Rights Council, Koman stated, “the fact that KNPB is present, stood, and delivered a statement at the UN Human Rights Council today shows that what the KNPB has been voicing regarding the right to self-determination is also protected under international law. There is nothing illegal in fighting for such fundamental right.”
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